Mikrofloora kujunemine ja allergia teke.

Vastsündinute mikrofloora kujunemise sõltuvust raseda ja ema mikrofloorast tõestasid endise doktorandi Reet Mändari uurimused. 

Tema soovitused sünnieelsete vaginooside ravi kohta ja laktobatsillide antibiootikumtundlikkuse andmed on tänaseks leidnud rakendust TÜ Naistekliinikus. Maailmamastaabis täiesti uudsed on Epp Sepa dissertatsioonis esitatud tulemused allergia sõltuvusest lapse esimese elukuu mikrofloorast, mis selgusid kõrge allergiasagedusega Rootsi ja väikese sagedusega Eesti laste esmase kolonisatsiooni võrdlemisel. Ka näib laktobatsillidel olevat oluline roll allergia preventsioonis, sest eeskätt Rootsi allergikuil esinesid laktobatsillid oluliselt harvemini. 

Laktobatsillide liigilise koostise erinevus nimetatud lastel viitab vajadusele kasutada mikrofloora normaliseerimiseks kohalikest mikroobitüvedest valmistatud probiootikume. Viimaste aastate prospektiivne uuring allergia kujunemisest ja seedekulgla mikrofloorast alates sünnist kuni 2 eluaastani (koostöös Lasekliiniku doktorandi Tiia Vooriga) kinnitab nn. hügieeni hüpoteesi, mille järgi arvukam ja mitmekesisem kolonisatsioon vastsündinu perioodis väldib hilisemas vanuses allergia väljakujunemist. 

Meie uurimustest järeldame, et mida suurema hulga erinevate mikroobidega laps varases elueas kokku puutub, seda tõenäolisemalt ta hiljem neid ja nendega sarnaseid aineid (proteiine, lipopolüsahhariide, peptidoglükaani jt.) ei käsitle allergeenidena.

http://biomedicum.ut.ee/armb/projektid/index.html

Allergy prevention in pregnancy

MEDIA RELEASE - 12 September 2003
ISSUED BY - Allergy & Allergies Agency, London

World Allergy Congress report on Omega 3 oils in allergy prevention.

(Vancouver, Canada) Although maternal diet in early pregnancy does not seem to play a significant role in allergic sensitisation.  Avoiding the common allergy provoking foods such as cow's milk, hen's egg, peanuts and nuts whilst breast feeding seems to significantly reduce allergic sensitisation in babies.  

Recent research by Dr Susan Prescott and co-workers in Australia has shown that the intake of high levels of Omega 3 fish oils in pregnancy seems to reduce the risk of subsequently developing allergies such as Allergic Eczema.  It is recommended that the pregnant mother takes approximately 3.7grams of Omega 3 fatty acids per day in pregnancy and reduce her intake of Omega 6 fatty acids.  

The role of anti-oxidants and trace elements in preventing allergic sensitisation still remains controversial, but maternal smoking should be discouraged and exposure to excess air pollution and alcohol avoided.

http://www.allergy-network.co.uk/index.html

Allergies in Pregnancy - impact on foetus and birth

Pregnancy is a time of intense change within the female body.  Hormonal changes have an influence on the immune system and allergic diseases may be affected by these changes. The hormones of pregnancy have  steroidal type effects and can also dampen down allergies.  In the pregnant state, the immune system is  down-regulated to prevent rejection of the foetus (which is immunologically a "foreign organism").  This increased immune tolerance has the positive spin-off of causing less direct reactivity to foreign substances.  However, the allergy triggering potential of the immune system may be heightened.